Furthermore, it is possible that dosages exceeding the recommendations for vitamin D (i.e. Currently, the research is inconclusive with regards to the optimal intake of vitamin D, the specific forms of vitamin D one should ingest, and the distinct nutrient-nutrient interactions of vitamin D with vitamin K that affect arterial calcification and hypervitaminosis. Despite this situation, large portions of athletic populations are vitamin D deficient. Therefore, maintaining higher levels of vitamin D could prove beneficial for athletic performance.
Based on the literature presented, it is plausible that vitamin D levels above the normal reference range (up to 100 nmol/L) might increase skeletal muscle function, decrease recovery time from training, increase both force and power production, and increase testosterone production, each of which could potentiate athletic performance. The hormonally-active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, has been shown to play critical roles in the human body and regulates over 900 gene variants.
Vitamin D receptors (VDR) and vitamin D response elements (VDREs) are located in almost every tissue within the human body including skeletal muscle.
The purpose of this review is to examine vitamin D in the context of sport nutrition and its potential role in optimizing athletic performance.
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